Is there friction on a perfectly smooth surface?

Friction occurs because no surface is perfectly smooth. Rougher surfaces have more friction between them. Heavier objects also have more friction because they press together with greater force. Friction produces heat because it causes the molecules on rubbing surfaces to move faster and have more energy.

What happens to the friction between two surfaces as they become smoother?

However, friction decreases with smoothness only to a degree; friction actually increases between two extremely smooth surfaces because of increased attractive electrostatic forces between their atoms.

When two smooth surfaces slide over each other the primary cause of friction is?

What causes friction between two surfaces in contact when they try to slide past each other? Interlocking of irregularities present on the surfaces. Gravitational attraction between the surfaces. Rigidity of the surfaces.

Why it is not possible to produce perfectly smooth surface?

The answer is friction. Friction occurs because no surface is perfectly smooth. Even surfaces that look smooth to the unaided eye make look rough or bumpy when viewed under a microscope.

Does the smoothness of the sliding surface affect friction?

Making a surface rougher or smoother may not always affect the sliding friction. In addition to this, for certain textures and materials, making a surface smoother reduces friction. But elsewhere, rougher surfaces can actually have less friction.

What is perfectly smooth?

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How is friction reduced between two surfaces?

By polishing the surface, as polishing makes the surface smooth and friction can be reduced. Using lubricants such as oil or grease can reduce the friction between the surfaces. When objects are rolled over the surface, the friction between the rolled object and surface can be reduced by using ball bearings.

Why do two smooth surfaces stick together?

The sources of the forces holding gage blocks together are thought to come from: 1. When two very flat surfaces are brought into such close contact with each other, this allows an interchange of electrons between the atoms of the separate blocks, which creates an attractive molecular force.

What causes friction between two surfaces in contact Class 8?

Friction is caused by the interlocking of irregularities in the surface of two objects which are in contact with each other. To move one object over the other ,we have to apply a force to overcome interlocking of the irregularities in their surfaces.

What is sliding friction?

Sliding friction (also called kinetic friction) is a contact force that resists the sliding motion of two objects or an object and a surface.

Which has less friction rough surfaces or smooth surface?

Rough surfaces have more friction than smooth surfaces and liquids such as oil or water are sometimes used as lubricants to reduce the effect of friction. There is no mystery behind friction. It acts on objects at the surfaces so as to prevent or reduce movement between the surfaces.

Why is sliding friction less than rolling friction?

Sliding friction is the force that acts against two surfaces that are rubbing together. Rolling friction is less than sliding friction as the rolling of one body over another requires a smaller area of surface contact than sliding.

Does a rougher or smoother surface have less friction?

Making a surface rougher or smoother may not always affect the sliding friction. In addition to this, for certain textures and materials, making a surface smoother reduces friction. But elsewhere, rougher surfaces can actually have less friction. Donald K. Cohen’s article explains this in more detail, with calculations and examples.

What is the cause of dry sliding friction?

His work with Taylor explored the theory that dry sliding friction is caused by shearing at junctions formed at regions of contact, known as the real area of contact, between the sliding surfaces. Depending on the type of roughness and the materials’ properties, the real area of contact does not necessarily depend on the average surface roughness.

What is the best way to reduce the sliding friction?

So when a rough surface is plowing into a mating surface resulting in high friction it is best to lower the surface roughness and make the summit radii larger to reduce the friction. So indeed, for plowing type frictional mechanisms the solution to reducing the sliding friction is to “make the surface smoother!”

What happens to friction as the surface is polished?

After running-in the resulting surface tended to stabilize in an “elastic” regime of contact and thus some moderate sliding friction (B). Toward end of life as the surface was further polished the lower roughness resulted in a higher real area of contact and thus higher friction (C). Figure 5.