What are xenobiotics and their examples?

INTRODUCTION. Xenobiotic is a term used to describe chemical substances that are foreign to animal life and thus includes such examples as plant constituents, drugs, pesticides, cosmetics, flavorings, fragrances, food additives, industrial chemicals and environmental pollutants.

What is a xenobiotic in biology?

A xenobiotic (Greek, xenos “foreign”; bios “life”) is a compound that is foreign to a living organism. A xenobiotic is a chemical substance found within an organism that is not naturally produced or expected to be present within the organism.

What are the types of xenobiotics?

1.1. 1 Types of Xenobiotics. Environmental pollutants, hydrocarbons, food additives, oil mixtures, pesticides, otherxenobiotics, synthetic polymers, carcinogens, drugs, and antioxidants are the major groups of xenobiotics.

What are the sources of xenobiotics?

Xenobiotics in the environment Some of the main sources of pollution and the introduction of xenobiotics into the environment come from large industries such as pharmaceuticals, fossil fuels, pulp and paper bleaching and agriculture.

Is alcohol an xenobiotic?

Alcohol as a Xenobiotic Cytochrome P450 is inducible by chronic ethanol consumption and its activity is increased by three to five-fold in liver of alcoholics [32].

Which of the following is a xenobiotic compound?

These compounds are produced as plastics, e.g., polyethylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride etc., and nylons which are used as garments, wrapping materials etc. They are recalcitrant mainly due to their insolubility in water and molecular size.

Are vitamins xenobiotics?

Plasma proteins represent a storage site for many xenobiotics (e.g., salicylates, barbiturates, cardiac glycosides) and important physiologic constituents, including steroid hormones, vitamins, and various essential minerals.

Are heavy metals xenobiotics?

Conclusions: We present evidence that pollution with heavy metals will interfere with both the oxidative stress defence in plants, and with their ability to conjugate organic xenobiotics. Induction of xenobiotic metabolism will be obtained at high heavy metal concentrations, when plant stress is elevated.

Is coffee a xenobiotic?

Yes. Xenobiotics (ie. caffeine) affect liver enzymes and this starts the clock.

Is ethanol a xenobiotic?

What are endogenous xenobiotics?

4. Xenobiotics Xenobiotics can be- b) Endogenous – Though they are not foreign substances but have effects similar to exogenous xenobiotics. These are synthesized in the body or are produced as metabolites of various processes in the body. Examples-Bilirubin, Bile acids, Steroids, Eicosanoids and certain fatty acids.

What is xenobiotics Slideshare?

A xenobiotic is a foreign chemical substance found within an organism that is not normally naturally produced by or expected to be present within. It can also cover substances that are present in much higher concentrations than are usual.

What are xenobiotic chemicals?

Definition of xenobiotic. : a chemical compound (such as a drug, pesticide, or carcinogen) that is foreign to a living organism.

What are xenobiotic compounds?

Xenobiotic compounds are man-made chemicals that are present in the environment at unnaturally high concentrations. The xenobiotic compounds are either not produced naturally, or are produced at much lower concentrations than man.

What does xenobiotic mean?

Jump to navigation Jump to search. A xenobiotic is a chemical substance found within an organism that is not naturally produced or expected to be present within the organism.

What is a xenobiotic chemical?

Definition of xenobiotic : a chemical compound (such as a drug, pesticide, or carcinogen) that is foreign to a living organism : a chemical compound (as a drug, pesticide, or carcinogen) that is foreign to a living organism