What is the difference between Francis turbine and modern Francis turbine?

Francis turbine is radial flow turbine but in case of modern Francis turbine water enters radially and leaves the turbine axially which is called as mixed flow turbine.

What is the difference between Francis Pelton and Kaplan turbine?

The basic difference between Pelton, Francis and Kaplan Turbines is explained in this article. Francis Turbine is an inward flow reaction turbine. Kaplan turbine is a propeller type reaction turbine. The Kaplan Turbine uses both kinetic and potential energy, which then is converted into mechanical energy.

What is difference between Kaplan turbine and propeller turbine?

The difference between the Propeller and Kaplan turbines is that the Propeller turbine has fixed runner blades while the Kaplan turbine has adjustable runner blades. The kaplan’s blades are adjustable for pitch and will handle a great variation of flow very efficiently.

What type of turbine is Kaplan turbine?

The Kaplan turbine is a propeller-type water turbine which has adjustable blades. It was developed in 1913 by Austrian professor Viktor Kaplan, who combined automatically adjusted propeller blades with automatically adjusted wicket gates to achieve efficiency over a wide range of flow and water level.

Which type of turbine is Pelton turbine?

impulse turbine
A Pelton turbine or Pelton wheel is a type of hydro turbine (specifically an impulse turbine) used frequently in hydroelectric plants. These turbines are generally used for sites with heads greater than 300 meters. This type of turbine was created during the gold rush in 1880 by Lester Pelton.

Why are Francis and Kaplan turbine called reaction turbine?

The Francis turbine is a reaction turbine, which means that the working fluid changes pressure as it moves through the turbine, giving up its energy. A casement is needed to contain the water flow. The inlet is spiral shaped. Guide vanes direct the water tangentially to the runner.

What is the efficiency of Pelton turbine?

Pelton turbines can reach up to 95\% efficiency, and even on ‘micro’ scale systems 90\% peak efficiency is achievable. Also the efficiency is maintained at a high level even for part-flow rates, mainly because of the low-loss design of the spear-jet.

Which type of turbine is a Francis turbine?

inward-flow reaction turbine
The Francis turbine is a type of water turbine. It is an inward-flow reaction turbine that combines radial and axial flow concepts. Francis turbines are the most common water turbine in use today, and can achieve over 95\% efficiency.

What are Pelton turbines used for?

Pelton turbines are used for electricity generation in hydraulic power plants. They are suitable for operation when water energy is available at high head and low flow rate. In a Pelton turbine, the energy extracted from the kinetic energy of the water is used for the rotation of the impeller.

What are four types of turbines?

While turbines can be classed as either impulse or reaction according to the way they function, there are four broad types of turbines categorized according to the fluid that supplies the driving force: steam, gas, water, or wind.

What is the difference between Pelton wheel and Francis and Kaplan turbine?

Following are the differences between Pelton wheel, Francis and Kaplan turbine: Pelton wheel is an impulse turbine where static pressure head of water is converted into mechanical energy. On the other hand Francis and Kaplan turbines are reaction turbine where dynamic pressure head of water is converted into mechanical energy.

What is a Pelton turbine?

The Pelton, Francis and Kaplan turbines are water turbines that are rotary machines which convert kinetic energy and the potential energy of the water into mechanical energy that rotates the shaft to produce electric energy. Pelton turbine was developed by Lester Allan Pelton in the year 1870.

What is a Kaplan turbine?

The Kaplan turbine was an evolution of the Francis turbine. Its invention allowed efficient power production in low- head applications that was not possible with Francis turbines. The head ranges from 10–70 meters and the output from 5 to 200 MW. Runner diameters are between 2 and 11 meters. The range of the turbine rotation is from 79 to 429 rpm.

What are the different types of impulse turbine?

The Pelton turbine is the most famous type of impulse turbine. Before understanding the differences between Pelton, Francis, and Kaplan turbines, let’s briefly review these turbines.